The Invisible Exodus: How Trump’s Second Term Is Driving Refugees to Their Deaths – and How One Last Net Tries to Catch Them

byRainer Hofmann

April 11, 2025

"From an edge of America that no longer recognizes itself – and sent a cold shiver down our spines."

It doesn’t begin with a bang. Not with marching bands or television images of concrete wall segments. It begins in dust. In the barely visible imprint of a bare foot fading into the border sand. In the altered paths of the desperate, who no longer come through official crossings – because those have long since become hunting grounds.

Donald Trump’s second presidency has created a humanitarian vacuum that can be measured only in cold logic and dry dust. It is not the screams of the victims that define the tragedy – it is their disappearance.

Since February 2025, the movement of Central American refugees has entered a new phase. The old routes – through Tapachula, Reynosa, Ciudad Juárez – have become traps. The migration agreements with Mexico, once labeled "cooperation," now function like a system of automated deterrence. The migrants are no longer fleeing – they are fleeing the flight itself.

A silent catastrophe with a deadly geometry

Beyond the official routes, beyond the bus lines, NGO directories, and border stations, new paths slither through the hellscape of the Sierra Madre, through jungles, riverbeds, and industrial zones – often without water, without direction, without destination. These paths are no longer trails, but calculations of death.

According to independent observers, the death rate along these so-called "alternative routes" exceeds 70 percent. Exhaustion. Dehydration. Violence. Disappearance. The refugees die before they can ever whisper the word "asylum."

Yet while Trump’s America boasts that it has the "border under control," on the other side of the line, those who refuse to look away are organizing: International journalists, courageous NGOs, a network of migrant defenders that pulses like a last living nerve through a decaying state apparatus. Together with individuals in states like Oaxaca, Chiapas, and Baja California, they save what can still be saved. They warn, they hide, they provide care.

Often at great personal risk. Because in Trump’s America, offering help has long been criminalized – and increasingly so in Mexico as well.

The murderous efficiency of Washington’s migration policy rests on a quiet complicity with Mexican authorities. Officially, Mexico denies any "active participation" – but the reality at bus terminals and checkpoints tells a different story.

Buses carrying migrants are routinely stopped in Guadalajara, Monterrey, or San Luis Potosí, allegedly for "identity verification." Many of the passengers then vanish without a trace. What happens to them, no one knows. Some resurface in camps, others no longer appear in any database at all.

And yet, despite everything, there is hope. This is not only a story of death and collapse. It is also a story of people who refuse to accept injustice. Activists who, with nothing but a phone, a little water, and coordination via encrypted messenger apps, become rescuers overnight. Doctors who operate without a license. Farmers who smuggle travelers through cornfields as if they were carrying gold. Journalists who write even though they’ve been told they won’t write again.

Not all stories end in darkness

And sometimes, rarely, this torn web of helpers manages to defy the inevitable. This past weekend, the Attorney General's Office of the State of Baja California reported the location of eleven missing persons whose names had previously appeared on the lists of the hopeless.

They are:

Francisco Parra Salcedo, 24

Ramón Guadalupe Armenta Ávila, 46

Daniel Jacobo Raygoza Salas, 47

Saúl Cuauhtémoc Herrera De la Rosa, 30

Alejandro Rodríguez Moreno, 39

María Fernanda Bojórquez Castro, 29

Und um Minderjährige:

María Fernanda Gastelum Valdenegro, 17

Raúl Arturo Barajas López, 16

Emily Estefanía Salazar Mendoza, 13

Juan de Dios Bátiz Zúñiga, 15

Kevin Montoya López, 14

They are safe. They have been found, cared for, and rescued. And while the authorities thank the media and the public, it is not hard to guess who the thanks truly belongs to: the unnamed. The invisible. Those who don’t make policy, but live humanity.

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